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In physics, attenuation (in some contexts also called extinction) is the gradual loss in intensity of any kind of flux through a medium. For instance, dark ... more

Many agencies and organizations (such as aerospace) define the margin of safety (MoS or M.S.) including the design factor, in other words, the margin of ... more

Eb/N0 (the energy per bit to noise power spectral density ratio) is an important parameter in digital communication or data transmission. It is a ... more

Sound intensity or acoustic intensity is defined as the sound power per unit area. The usual context is the noise measurement of sound intensity in the air ... more

Black-body radiation is the thermal electromagnetic radiation within or surrounding a body in thermodynamic equilibrium with its environment, or emitted by ... more

Pell’s equation is a Diophantine equation (a polynomial equation in two or more unknowns ).
In Cartesian coordinates, the equation has the form ... more

An n-pointed magic star is a star polygon in which numbers are placed at each of the n vertices and n intersections, such that the four numbers on each ... more

In electrical engineering, admittance is a measure of how easily a circuit or device will allow a current to flow. It is defined as the inverse of ... more

The radius of the circle on which lie a set of points is, by definition, the radius of the circumcircle of any triangle with vertices at any three of those ... more

Due to the self-induction effect, electrostatic energy behaves as having some sort of momentum and “apparent” electromagnetic mass, which can ... more