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Capillary action (sometimes capillarity, capillary motion, or wicking) is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the assistance of, and ... more

Factor of safety (FoS) or (FS), is a term describing the structural capacity of a system beyond the expected loads or actual loads. Essentially, how much ... more

In fluid flow, friction loss (or skin friction) is the loss of pressure or “head” that occurs in pipe or duct flow due to the effect of the fluid’s ... more

The bulk modulus ( or ) of a substance measures the substance’s resistance to uniform compression. It is defined as the ratio of the infinitesimal ... more

In physics, optical depth or optical thickness, is the natural logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmitted radiant power through a material, and ... more

Contact mechanics is the study of the deformation of solids that touch each other at one or more points. Hertzian contact stress refers to the localized ... more

The Fourier number (Fo) or Fourier modulus, is a dimensionless number that characterizes heat conduction. it is the ratio of diffusive/conductive transport ... more

The Fourier number (Fo) or Fourier modulus, is a dimensionless number that characterizes heat conduction. It is the ratio of diffusive/conductive ... more

Stress is a physical quantity that expresses the internal forces that neighboring particles of a continuous material exert on each other. Any strain ... more

Pressure vessels are held together against the gas pressure due to tensile forces within the walls of the container. Stress in a shallow-walled pressure ... more