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Tunnel ionization is a process in which electrons in an atom (or a molecule) pass through the potential barrier and escape from the atom (or molecule). In ... more

A quadrilateral is a polygon with four sides (or edges) and four vertices or corners. Coolidge’s formula calculates the area of a general convex ... more

In crystallography, the monoclinic crystal system is one of the seven lattice point groups. A crystal system is described by three vectors. In the ... more

In orbital mechanics, Kepler’s equation relates various geometric properties of the orbit of a body subject to a central force.

It was first ... more

The interior perpendicular bisector of a side of a triangle is the segment, falling entirely on and inside the triangle, of the line that perpendicularly ... more

An angle bisector divides the angle into two angles with equal measures. An angle only has one bisector. Each point of an angle bisector is equidistant ... more

Miller indices form a notation system in crystallography for planes in crystal (Bravais) lattices.
In particular, a family of lattice planes is ... more

Wind speed extrapolation

In wind energy studies, two mathematical models or 'laws’ have generally been used to model the vertical profile of ... more

Hooke’s Law of elasticity is an approximation that states that the amount by which a material body is deformed (the strain) is linearly related to ... more

In mathematics, the slope or gradient of a line is a number that describes both the direction and the steepness of the line. Slope is often denoted by the ... more