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Calculates the volume of a hollow sphere. A sphere is a perfectly round geometrical and circular object in three-dimensional space that resembles the shape ... more

Electrical resistivity (also known as resistivity, specific electrical resistance, or volume resistivity) is an intrinsic property that quantifies how ... more

The equation yields the surface averaged Nusselt number, which is used to determine the average convective heat transfer coefficient. Newton’s law of ... more

Electrical resistivity (also known as resistivity, specific electrical resistance, or volume resistivity) is an intrinsic property that quantifies how ... more

Gibbs free energy is a thermodynamic potential that measures the “usefulness” or process-initiating work obtainable from a thermodynamic system ... more

Heat capacity, or thermal capacity, is a measurable physical quantity equal to the ratio of the heat added to (or subtracted from) an object to the ... more

Ejection fraction (EF) is the fraction of blood in the left and right ventricles pumped out with each heartbeat. EF is applied to both the right ... more

In finance, the beta (β) of an investment is a measure of the risk arising from exposure to general market movements as opposed to idiosyncratic factors. ... more

In corporate finance, Hamada’s equation, is used to separate the financial risk of a levered firm from its business risk. Hamada’s equation relates the ... more

Uniform circular motion, that is constant speed along a circular path, is an example of a body experiencing acceleration resulting in velocity of a ... more