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In fresh water, there is an approximate numerical equivalence between the change in pressure in decibars and the change in depth from the surface in ... more

Indicated airspeed (IAS) is the airspeed read directly from the airspeed indicator (ASI) on an ... more

The potential difference between points A and B, VB – VA , is defined to be the change in potential energy of a charge q moved from A to B, divided ... more

Calculates the area of a disc of radius r or the area enclosed in a circle of radius r. Partitioning the disk into thin concentric rings, like the layers ... more

In electronics, gain is a measure of the ability of a two-port circuit (often an amplifier) to increase the power or amplitude of a signal from the input ... more

Calculates the volume of a hollow sphere. A sphere is a perfectly round geometrical and circular object in three-dimensional space that resembles the shape ... more

Pell’s equation is a Diophantine equation (a polynomial equation in two or more unknowns ).
In Cartesian coordinates, the equation has the form ... more

Contact mechanics is the study of the deformation of solids that touch each other at one or more points. Hertzian contact stress refers to the localized ... more

In ductile materials, a plastic zone develops at the tip of the crack. The plastic loading and unloading cycle near the crack tip leads to the dissipation ... more

The energy of a magnetic moment “m” in an externally produced magnetic field “B”. Is related to the distance between magnetic ... more