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In spherical trigonometry, the law of cosines (also called the cosine rule for sides) is a theorem relating the sides and angles of spherical triangles, ... more

A spherical cap or spherical dome is a portion of a sphere cut off by a plane. If the plane passes through the center of the sphere, so that the height of ... more

A spherical polygon on the surface of the sphere is defined by a number of great circle arcs which are the intersection of the surface with planes through ... more

Circular arc is a segment of a circle. A circular sector or circle sector is the portion of a disk enclosed by two radii and an arc, where the smaller area ... more

Geodetic latitude is the angle between the normal and the equatorial plane. The distance from the Earth’s center to a point on the spheroid surface ... more

In geometry, the semi-minor axis (also semiminor axis) is a line segment associated with most conic sections (that is, with ellipses and hyperbolas) that ... more

An apsis, plural apsidesis a point of greatest or least distance of a body in an elliptic orbit about a larger body. For a body orbiting the Sun the ... more

An apsis, plural apsidesis a point of greatest or least distance of a body in an elliptic orbit about a larger body. For a body orbiting the Sun the ... more

A bending moment is the reaction induced in a structural element when an external force or moment is applied to the element causing the element to bend. ... more

An epicyclic gear train consists of two gears mounted so that the center of one gear revolves around the center of the other. A carrier connects the ... more