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Potential function for electrostatic forces between two bodies is the work required to move a charge from a point to any point in the electrostatic force ... more

Tortuosity is a property of curve being tortuous (twisted; having many turns). There have been several attempts to quantify this property. ... more

An isothermal process is a change of a system, in which the temperature remains constant: ΔT = 0. This typically occurs when a system is in contact with an ... more

Number density is an intensive quantity used to describe the degree of concentration of countable objects. For any substance, the number density n can be ... more

The van der Waals equation may be considered as the ideal gas law, “improved” due to two independent reasons: Molecules are thought as ... more

Generated at the center of a circular wire by the electric current, related to the electric current and the distance from the wire to center of the circle.

refer to Peng–Robinson equation of state.

The Helmholtz free energy is a thermodynamic potential that measures the “useful” work obtainable from a closed thermodynamic system at a constant ... more

When a force is applied on a spring, and the length of the spring changes by a differential amount dx, the work done is Fdx. For linear elastic springs, ... more

The Knudsen number (Kn) is a dimensionless number defined as the ratio of the molecular mean free path length to a representative physical length scale. ... more