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In optics, the f-number (sometimes called focal ratio, f-ratio, f-stop, or relative aperture) of an optical system is the ratio of the lens’s focal ... more

In biology or human geography, population growth is the increase in the number of individuals in a population.

The “population growth ... more

The cross-section of a welded butt joint, with the darkest gray representing the weld or fusion zone, the medium gray the heat affected zone, and the ... more

A supersonic expansion fan, technically known as Prandtl–Meyer expansion fan, is a centred expansion process that occurs when a supersonic flow turns ... more

In probability theory and statistics, the gamma distribution is a two-parameter family of continuous probability distributions. The parameterization with α ... more

The mean arterial pressure (MAP) is the average over a cardiac cycle and is determined from measurements of the systolic pressure ... more

The Brinell scale characterizes the indentation hardness of materials through the scale of penetration of an indenter, loaded on a material test-piece. It ... more

Earnings per share is the monetary value of earnings per each outstanding share of a company’s common stock. When preferred shares are cumulative, ... more

The terms “relative change” and “relative difference” are used to compare two quantities while taking into account the ... more

Seismic moment is a quantity to measure the size of an earthquake and is proportional to the area of the rupture times the average slip that took place ... more