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Solar cell efficiency is the ratio of the electrical output of a solar cell to the incident energy in the form of sunlight. The energy conversion ... more

The Stokes number (Stk), named after George Gabriel Stokes, is a dimensionless number corresponding to the behavior of particles suspended in a fluid flow. ... more

The Rydberg formula is used in atomic physics to describe the wavelengths of spectral lines of many chemical elements. It was formulated by the Swedish ... more

In finance, holding period return (HPR) is the total return on an asset or portfolio over the period during which it was held. It ... more

In a mixture, the mass fraction is the amount of mass of one substance, divided by the mass of the total mixture. The sum of all the mass fractions is ... more

In finance, leverage is a general term for any technique to multiply gains and losses. Operating leverage is an attempt to estimate the percentage change ... more

In biology or human geography, population growth is the increase in the number of individuals in a population.
The “population growth ... more

Heat engines transform thermal energy, or heat into mechanical energy, or work. They cannot do this task perfectly, so some of the input heat energy is not ... more

Fractional shortening is the fraction of any diastolic dimension that is lost in systole. When referring to endocardial luminal distances, it is ... more

In biology or human geography, population growth is the increase in the number of individuals in a population.

The “population growth ... more