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When a sinking in a fluid object settles on the solid floor, it experiences a normal force.

Flow rate is defined to be the volume of fluid passing by some location through an area during a period of time.
The change in volume is the amount ... more

In optics, the f-number (sometimes called focal ratio, f-ratio, f-stop, or relative aperture) of an optical system is the ratio of the lens’s focal ... more

The Sherwood number (Sh) (also called the mass transfer Nusselt number) is a dimensionless number used in mass-transfer operation. It represents the ratio ... more

Water hammer (or, more generally, fluid hammer) is a pressure surge or wave caused when a fluid (usually a liquid but sometimes also a gas) in motion is ... more

The Fourier number (Fo) or Fourier modulus, is a dimensionless number that characterizes heat conduction. It is the ratio of diffusive/conductive ... more

Impulse is the product of a force and the time, for which it acts. The impulse of a force acting for a given time interval is equal to the change in linear ... more

Heat flux or thermal flux is the rate of heat energy transfer through a given surface, per unit surface. The heat transfer coefficient or film coefficient, ... more

Concentric Tube (or Pipe) Heat Exchangers are used in a variety of industries for purposes such as material processing, food preparation, and ... more

For a channel that is at an angle a from horizontal, the shear component of the stress acting on the bed , which is the component acting ... more