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Block and tackle - efficiency approximation - without friction factor

f is the number of sheaves in the purchase, and there is a roughly % loss of efficiency at each sheave due to friction, then:

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Fermi–Dirac distribution

Fermi–Dirac statistics describes a distribution of particles over energy states in systems consisting of many identical particles that obey the Pauli ... more

Shaft work

Energy transmission with a rotating shaft is very common in engineering practice. Often the torque T applied to the shaft is constant which means that the ... more

Probability that an electron hits an ion at ionization process

Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions. If an electron ... more

Depth of focus (depth of field) in relation to the magnification

The depth of focus (or depth of field) is a lens optics concept that measures the tolerance of placement of the image plane (the film plane in a camera) in ... more

Faraday's 1st Law of Electrolysis

The mass of a substance altered at an electrode during electrolysis is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity transferred at that electrode. ... more

Atomic packing factor

In crystallography, atomic packing factor (APF), packing efficiency or packing fraction is the fraction of volume in a crystal ... more

Mole fraction

In chemistry, the mole fraction is defined as the amount of a constituent divided by the total amount of all constituents in a mixture.The mole fraction ... more

Electron's energy

n atomic physics, the Rutherford–Bohr model or Bohr model, depicts the atom as a small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons that travel in ... more

Electron's speed at any radius

The electrons can only orbit stably, without radiating, in certain orbits at a certain discrete set of distances from the nucleus. These orbits are ... more

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