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Water hammer (or, more generally, fluid hammer) is a pressure surge or wave caused when a fluid (usually a liquid but sometimes also a gas) in motion is ... more

When a force is applied on a spring, and the length of the spring changes by a differential amount dx, the work done is Fdx. For linear elastic springs, ... more

Mathematical models can project how infectious diseases progress to show the likely outcome of an epidemic and help inform public health interventions.The ... more

The photoelectric effect is the observation that many metals emit electrons when light shines upon them. Electrons emitted in this manner may be called ... more

The Gilbert model assumes that the magnetic forces between magnets are due to magnetic charges near the poles. This model produces good approximations that ... more

Thrust-to-weight ratio (TWR) is a dimensionless ratio of thrust to weight of a rocket, jet engine, propeller engine, or a vehicle ... more

The cross-section of a welded butt joint, with the darkest gray representing the weld or fusion zone, the medium gray the heat affected zone, and the ... more

This formula calculates the geometrical requirements for pin ended members, specifically the minimum required distances from the pin hole edge to the plate ... more

Auger electron spectroscopy is a common analytical technique used specifically in the study of surfaces and, more generally, in the area of materials ... more

Electrical work is the work done on a charged particle by an electric field. The equation for 'electrical’ work is equivalent to that of ... more