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Sagnac Effect - TIme Difference

The Sagnac effect (also called Sagnac interference), named after French physicist Georges Sagnac, is a phenomenon encountered in interferometry that is ... more

Worksheet 316

Calculate the change in length of the upper leg bone (the femur) when a 70.0 kg man supports 62.0 kg of his mass on it, assuming the bone to be equivalent to a uniform rod that is 45.0 cm long and 2.00 cm in radius.

Strategy

The force is equal to the weight supported:

Force (Newton's second law)

and the cross-sectional area of the upper leg bone(femur) is:

Disk area

To find the change in length we use the Young’s modulus formula. The Young’s modulus reference value for a bone under compression is known to be 9×109 N/m2. Now,all quantities except ΔL are known. Thus:

Young's Modulus

Discussion

This small change in length seems reasonable, consistent with our experience that bones are rigid. In fact, even the rather large forces encountered during strenuous physical activity do not compress or bend bones by large amounts. Although bone is rigid compared with fat or muscle, several of the substances listed in Table 5.3(see reference below) have larger values of Young’s modulus Y . In other words, they are more rigid.

Reference:
This worksheet is a modified version of Example 5.4 page 188 found in :
OpenStax College,College Physics. OpenStax College. 21 June 2012.
http://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics
Creative Commons License : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Link Budget - Received Power

A link budget is accounting of all of the gains and losses from the transmitter, through the medium (free space, cable, waveguide, fiber, etc.) to the ... more

Rhombus' incircle radius

The inradius (the radius of the incircle of the rhombus) can be expressed in terms of the diagonals.

... more

Area of rhombus (circumscribed)

Rhombus is a simple (non-self-intersecting) quadrilateral whose four sides all have the same length. The can be calculated by the semi perimeter and the ... more

Steering ratio

The steering ratio is the relationship between how far you turn a steering wheel and how far the actual wheels turn as a result. A higher steering ratio ... more

Planet Formation Equation - "Clearing the neighbourhood"

“Clearing the neighbourhood around its orbit” is a criterion for a celestial body to be considered a planet in the Solar System. This was one ... more

Regular Octagon Area (related to the inradius)

Octagon is a polygon that has eight sides.
A regular octagon is a closed figure with sides of the same length and internal angles of the same size. ... more

Inradius of arbitrary triangle

The radius of the inscribed circle of an arbitrary triangle is related to the altitudes of the triangle

... more

Area of a regular inscribed n-gon in a unit circle

The area of a regular n-gon with side s inscribed in a unit circle ( unit circle is a circle with radius of one). RESTRICTION: s<2

... more

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