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A sphere is defined mathematically as the set of points that are all the same distance r from a given point in three-dimensional space. This distance r is ... more

The minimum railway curve radius, the shortest allowable design radius for railway tracks under a particular set of conditions. It has an important bearing ... more

The volume of the spherical dome, which is a portion of a sphere cut off by a plane, can be calculated by the radius of the base of the dome and the ... more

Bending is a manufacturing process that produces a V-shape, U-shape, or channel shape along a straight axis in ductile materials, most commonly sheet ... more

Flattening is a measure of the compression of a circle or sphere along a diameter to form an ellipse or an ellipsoid of revolution (spheroid) respectively. ... more

The safety of a horizontal curve is affected by the length of the curve, the curve radius, whether spiral transition curves are used, and the ... more

In respiratory physiology, airway resistance is the resistance of the respiratory tract to airflow during inspiration and expiration. In fluid dynamics, ... more

The superformula is a generalization of the superellipse and was first proposed by Johan Gielis in 2003. Gielis suggested that the formula can be used to ... more

Horizontal alignment in road design consists of straight sections of road, known as tangents, connected by circular horizontal curves. Circular curves are ... more

In mathematics, the polar coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system in which each point on a plane is determined by a distance from a fixed ... more