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The up and down fluctuation of the arterial pressure results from the pulsatile nature of the cardiac output, i.e. the heartbeat. The pulse pressure is ... more
Cardiac output (Q or or CO ) is the volume of blood being pumped by the heart, in particular by a left or right ventricle in the time interval of one ... more
The mean arterial pressure (MAP) is the average over a cardiac cycle and is determined from measurements of the systolic pressure ... more
Renal function, in nephrology, is an indication of the state of the kidney and its role in renal physiology. Glomerular filtration rate (... more
Blood alcohol content (BAC), also called blood alcohol concentration, blood ethanol concentration, or blood alcohol level is most ... more
Blood pressure is related to the wall tension of the artery or vein, according to the Young–Laplace equation (assuming that the thickness of the vessel ... more
In cardiovascular physiology, stroke volume (SV) is the volume of blood pumped from one ventricle of the heart with each beat. SV is calculated using ... more
Henry’s law states : “At a constant temperature, the amount of a given gas that dissolves in a given type and volume of liquid is directly ... more
Ejection fraction (EF) is the fraction of blood in the left and right ventricles pumped out with each heartbeat. EF is applied to both the right ... more
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the five major groups of lipoproteins. These groups, from least dense to most dense, are: ... more
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the five major groups of lipoproteins. These groups, from least dense to most dense, are: ... more
Fractional shortening is the fraction of any diastolic dimension that is lost in systole. When referring to endocardial luminal distances, it is ... more
Preload is described as the stretching of a single cardiac myocyte immediately prior to contraction and is, therefore, related to the sarcomere length. ... more
Cardiac index (CI) is a vasodynamic parameter that relates the cardiac output (CO) to body surface area (BSA), thus relating ... more
The Tsiolkovsky rocket equation, or ideal rocket equation describes the motion of vehicles that follow the basic principle of a rocket: a ... more
In fluid mechanics, the Reynolds number is used to help predict if flow will be laminar or turbulent. We know that flow in a very smooth tube, streamlined ... more
Vapor pressure or equilibrium vapor pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed phases (solid or ... more
The volume concentration (also called volume fraction) is defined as the volume of one of the constituents divided by the volume of all constituents of the ... more
An activity coefficient is a factor used in thermodynamics to account for deviations from ideal behaviour in a mixture of chemical substances.In an ideal ... more
Rayleigh scattering (pronounced /ˈreɪli/ RAY-lee), named after the British physicist Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt), is the (dominantly) elastic ... more
In chemistry, the molar concentration, is defined as the amount of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture. It is also called molarity, ... more
Rayleigh scattering (pronounced /ˈreɪli/ RAY-lee), named after the British physicist Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt), is the (dominantly) elastic ... more
Rayleigh scattering (pronounced /ˈreɪli/ RAY-lee), named after the British physicist Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt), is the (dominantly) elastic ... more
The formula provides a way to determine the volume-based concentration of any individual gaseous component.
Dalton’s law is not strictly ... more
A hydraulic pump is a mechanical sourse of power that converts mechanical power into hydraulic energy (hydrostatic energy i.e. flow, pressure). It ... more
The concentration of a substance at time “t”, of a first-order reaction, depends only on the initial concentration and the properties of the ... more
Number density is an intensive quantity used to describe the degree of concentration of countable objects. For any substance, the number density n can be ... more
In process improvement efforts, the process capability index or process capability ratio is a statistical measure of process capability: the ability of a ... more
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