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The Townsend discharge is a gas ionization process where free electrons, accelerated by a sufficiently strong electric field, give rise to electrical ... more
A polarizer or polariser is an optical filter that passes light of a specific polarization and blocks waves of other polarizations.
When a perfect
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In optics, the numerical aperture (NA) of an optical system is a dimensionless number that characterizes the range of angles over which the system can ... more
a) Calculate the gravitational potential energy stored in the pyramid, given its center of mass is at one-fourth its height.
b) Only a fraction of the workers lifted blocks; most were involved in support services such as building ramps, bringing food and water, and hauling blocks to the site. Calculate the efficiency of the workers who did the lifting, assuming there were 1000 of them and they consumed food energy at the rate of 300 Kcal/hour.
first we calculate the number of hours worked per year.
then we calculate the number of hours worked in the 20 years.
Then we calculate the energy consumed in 20 years knowing the energy consumed per hour and the total hours worked in 20 years.
The efficiency is the resulting potential energy divided by the consumed energy.
The Möbius strip or Möbius band, is a surface with only one side and only one boundary component. The Möbius strip has the mathematical property of being ... more
The Möbius strip or Möbius band, is a surface with only one side and only one boundary component. The Möbius strip has the mathematical property of being ... more
In optics, a Gaussian beam is a beam of electromagnetic radiation whose transverse electric field and intensity (irradiance) distributions are well ... more
The Möbius strip or Möbius band, is a surface with only one side and only one boundary component. The Möbius strip has the mathematical property of being ... more
An apsis, plural apsidesis a point of greatest or least distance of a body in an elliptic orbit about a larger body. For a body orbiting the Sun the ... more
An apsis, plural apsidesis a point of greatest or least distance of a body in an elliptic orbit about a larger body. For a body orbiting the Sun the ... more
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The awe‐inspiring Great Pyramid of Cheops was built more than 4500 years ago. Its square base, originally 230 m on a side, covered 13.1 acres, and it was 146 m high (H), with a mass of about 7×10^9 kg. (The pyramid’s dimensions are slightly different today due to quarrying and some sagging). Historians estimate that 20,000 workers spent 20 years to construct it, working 12-hour days, 330 days per year.
