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Terminal velocity (under buoyancy force)

The terminal velocity of a falling object is the velocity of the object when the sum of the drag force and buoyancy equals the downward force of gravity ... more

Trail ( for bicycles)

A factor that influences how easy or difficult a bike will be to ride is trail, the distance that the front wheel ground contact point trails behind the ... more

Friction Loss (hydraulic slope)

In fluid flow, friction loss (or skin friction) is the loss of pressure or “head” that occurs in pipe or duct flow due to the effect of the fluid’s ... more

Head loss in terms of volumetric flow rate

Hydraulic head or piezometric head is a specific measurement of liquid pressure above a geodetic datum.
In any real moving fluid, energy is dissipated ... more

Turbine specific speed

The specific speed value (radian/second) for a turbine is the speed of a geometrically similar turbine which would produce one unit of the specific speed ... more

Mechanical Efficiency (pumps)

Mechanical components – as transmission gear and bearings – generates a mechanical loss that reduces the power transferred from the motor shaft ... more

Hydraulic efficiency (pumps)

Due to leakage of fluid between the back surface of the impeller hub plate and the casing, or through other pump components – there is a volumetric ... more

Hydraulic conductivity (Falling-head method)

Hydraulic conductivity is a property of vascular plants, soils and rocks, that describes the ease with which a fluid (usually water) can move through pore ... more

Borda–Carnot equation ( in relation to Bernoulli's principle)

Borda–Carnot equation is an empirical description of the mechanical energy losses of the fluid due to a (sudden) flow expansion. It describes how the total ... more

Darcy's law (simplified)

Darcy’s law states that the volume of flow of the pore fluid through a porous medium per unit time is proportional to the rate of change of excess ... more

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