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Noise figure (NF) and noise factor (F) are measures of degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), caused by components in a ... more

In plasma physics, an Alfvén wave, named after Hannes Alfvén, is a type of magnetohydrodynamic wave in which ions oscillate in response to a restoring ... more

A linear equation is an algebraic equation in which each term is either a constant or the product of a constant and (the first power of) a single variable. ... more

Several laws describe a human’s ability to visually detect targets on a uniform background. One such law is Riccò's law, discovered by astronomer ... more

Mean time between failures (MTBF) is the predicted elapsed time between inherent failures of a system during operation. ... more

Pixels per inch (PPI) (or pixels per centimeter (PPCM)) is a measurement of the pixel density ... more

A photon is an elementary particle, the quantum of light and all other forms of electromagnetic radiation. It is the force carrier for the electromagnetic ... more

A linear equation is an algebraic equation in which each term is either a constant or the product of a constant and (the first power of) a single variable.

Auger electron spectroscopy is a common analytical technique used specifically in the study of surfaces and, more generally, in the area of materials ... more

In statistical mechanics, Boltzmann’s equation is a probability equation relating the entropy S of an ideal gas to the quantity W, which is the ... more