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In geometry, Descartes’ theorem states that for every four kissing, or mutually tangent, circles, the radii of the circles satisfy a certain ... more

n geometry, Descartes’ theorem states that for every four kissing, or mutually tangent, circles, the radii of the circles satisfy a certain quadratic ... more

In optics and especially laser science, the Rayleigh length or Rayleigh range is the distance along the propagation direction of a beam from the waist to ... more

Is an approximate measure of sorting or variation of a particle size distribution in phi scale; can be estimated from the percentages of the particles ... more

In solid mechanics, torsion is the twisting of an object due to an applied torque. It is expressed in newton metres (N·m) or foot-pound force (ft·lbf). In ... more

In physics, a characteristic length is an important dimension that defines the scale of a physical system. Often, such a length is used as an input to a ... more

Chladni’s law, named after Ernst Chladni, relates the frequency of modes of vibration for flat circular surfaces with fixed center as a function of ... more

In celestial mechanics, the mean anomaly is an angle used in calculating the position of a body in an elliptical orbit in the classical two-body problem. ... more

In fluid mechanics, the Reynolds number is used to help predict if flow will be laminar or turbulent. We know that flow in a very smooth tube, streamlined ... more

A tuning fork is an acoustic resonator in the form of a two-pronged fork with the prongs (tines) formed from a U-shaped bar of elastic metal (usually ... more