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Tunnel ionization is a process in which electrons in an atom (or a molecule) pass through the potential barrier and escape from the atom (or molecule). In ... more

Potential function for electrostatic forces between two bodies is the work required to move a charge from a point to any point in the electrostatic force ... more

In electrical and electronic systems, reactance is the opposition of a circuit element to a change of electric current or voltage, due to that ... more

Electromotive force, abbreviated emf (denoted ℰ and measured in volts) is the electrical intensity or “pressure” developed by a source of ... more

where R is the electrical resistance of that material. Hopkinson’s law is a counterpart to Ohm’s law used in magnetic circuits. In electronic ... more

In fluid mechanics, the Rayleigh number (Ra) for a fluid is a dimensionless number associated with buoyancy-driven flow, also known as free convection or ... more

Radiation pressure is the pressure exerted upon any surface exposed to electromagnetic radiation. Radiation pressure implies an interaction between ... more

If the magnetic field is uniform and all other forces are absent, then the Lorentz force will cause a particle to undergo a constant acceleration ... more

Electrical mobility is the ability of charged particles (such as electrons or protons) to move through a medium in response to an electric field that is ... more

In electrical and electronic systems, reactance is the opposition of a circuit element to a change of electric current or voltage, due to that ... more