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Liquid in a vertical tube (The height to which the column is lifted )

If a tube is sufficiently narrow and the liquid adhesion to its walls is sufficiently strong, surface tension can draw liquid up the tube in a phenomenon ... more

Fluid Thread Breakup - Linear Stability of Inviscid Liquids

Fluid thread breakup is the process by which a single mass of fluid breaks into several smaller fluid masses. The process is characterized by the ... more

Blood pressure ( related to the wall tension of artery or vein)

Blood pressure is related to the wall tension of the artery or vein, according to the Young–Laplace equation (assuming that the thickness of the vessel ... more

Surface Tension - surface area growth : energy

Surface tension is a contractive tendency of the surface of a liquid that allows it to resist an external force. Surface tension is an important property ... more

Surface Tension - surface area growth : force

Surface tension is a contractive tendency of the surface of a liquid that allows it to resist an external force. Surface tension is an important property ... more

Floating objects (weight that depresses the surface)

When an object is placed on a liquid, its weight depresses the surface, and is balanced by the surface tension forces on either side , which are each ... more

maximum axial tension - clamp band

In the aerospace industry, the empirical methodology for evaluating the axial load capability of the clamp band joint assumes the joint components to be ... more

Concrete electrical resistivity (rebars method)

Rebar (short for reinforcing bar), is a steel bar or mesh of steel wires used as a tension device in reinforced concrete and reinforced masonry structures ... more

Worksheet 316

Calculate the change in length of the upper leg bone (the femur) when a 70.0 kg man supports 62.0 kg of his mass on it, assuming the bone to be equivalent to a uniform rod that is 45.0 cm long and 2.00 cm in radius.

Strategy

The force is equal to the weight supported:

Force (Newton's second law)

and the cross-sectional area of the upper leg bone(femur) is:

Disk area

To find the change in length we use the Young’s modulus formula. The Young’s modulus reference value for a bone under compression is known to be 9×109 N/m2. Now,all quantities except ΔL are known. Thus:

Young's Modulus

Discussion

This small change in length seems reasonable, consistent with our experience that bones are rigid. In fact, even the rather large forces encountered during strenuous physical activity do not compress or bend bones by large amounts. Although bone is rigid compared with fat or muscle, several of the substances listed in Table 5.3(see reference below) have larger values of Young’s modulus Y . In other words, they are more rigid.

Reference:
This worksheet is a modified version of Example 5.4 page 188 found in :
OpenStax College,College Physics. OpenStax College. 21 June 2012.
http://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics
Creative Commons License : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Pneumatic Cylinder Intstroke

Pneumatic cylinders (sometimes known as air cylinders) are mechanical devices which use the power of compressed gas to produce a force in a reciprocating ... more

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