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Simple gear train with two gears (Torque ratio)

The gear ratio of a gear train, also known as its speed ratio, is the ratio of the angular velocity of the input gear to the angular velocity of the output ... more

Simple gear train with two gears (gear ratio in terms of radii of the gears and number of teeth)

The gear ratio of a gear train, also known as its speed ratio, is the ratio of the angular velocity of the input gear to the angular velocity of the output ... more

Simple gear train with two gears (gear ratio in terms of angular velocities and number of teeth)

The gear ratio of a gear train, also known as its speed ratio, is the ratio of the angular velocity of the input gear to the angular velocity of the output ... more

Gearing reduction ratio

Harmonic Drive is the brand name of strain wave gear trademarked by the Harmonic Drive company, and invented in 1957 by C.W. Musser.

It is very ... more

Pitch diameter - in imperial units (gears)

A gear or cogwheel is a rotating machine part having cut teeth, or cogs, which mesh with another toothed part to transmit torque, in most cases with teeth ... more

Diametral pitch (transverse) - gears

A gear or cogwheel is a rotating machine part having cut teeth, or cogs, which mesh with another toothed part to transmit torque, in most cases with teeth ... more

Epicyclic gearing (overal gear ratio)

An epicyclic gear train consists of two gears mounted so that the center of one gear revolves around the center of the other. A carrier connects the ... more

Backlash (due to tooth thickness changes)

In mechanical engineering, backlash, sometimes called lash or play, is clearance or lost motion in a mechanism caused by gaps between the parts. It can be ... more

Backlash (due to operating center modifications)

In mechanical engineering, backlash, sometimes called lash or play, is clearance or lost motion in a mechanism caused by gaps between the parts. It can be ... more

Pitch diameter - in metric units (gears)

Is a predefined diametral position on the gear, where the circular tooth thickness, pressure angle and helix angles are defined. The standard pitch ... more

Mechanical Efficiency (pumps)

Mechanical components – as transmission gear and bearings – generates a mechanical loss that reduces the power transferred from the motor shaft ... more

Speeds and feeds - feed rate

The phrase speeds and feeds or feeds and speeds refers to two separate velocities in machine tool practice, cutting speed and feed rate. They are often ... more

Compound machines (mechanical advantage)

A compound machine is a machine formed from a set of simple machines connected in series with the output force of one providing the input force to the ... more

Worksheet 302

In the wheelbarrow of the following figure the load has a perpendicular lever arm of 7.50 cm, while the hands have a perpendicular lever arm of 1.02 m.(a) What upward force must you exert to support the wheelbarrow and its load if their combined mass is 45.0 kg? (b) What force does the wheelbarrow exert on the ground?


(a) In the case of the wheelbarrow, the output force or load is between the pivot and the input force. The pivot is the wheel’s axle. Here, the output force is greater than the input force. Thus, a wheelbarrow enables you to lift much heavier loads than you could with your body alone. (b) In the case of the shovel, the input force is between the pivot and the load, but the input lever arm is shorter than the output lever arm. The pivot is at the handle held by the right hand. Here, the output force (supporting the shovel’s load) is less than the input force (from the hand nearest the load), because the input is exerted closer to the pivot than is the output.

Strategy

Here, we use the concept of mechanical advantage.

Force (Newton's second law)
Mechanical Advantage - Law of Lever
Subtraction

Discussion
An even longer handle would reduce the force needed to lift the load. The MA here is:

Division

Reference : OpenStax College,College Physics. OpenStax College. 21 June 2012.
http://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics
Creative Commons License : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Electric Motor's efficiency

The electric motor’s efficiency is the mechanical output power divided by the electrical input power

... more

Mechanical advantage - actual

Mechanical advantage is a measure of the force amplification achieved by using a tool, mechanical device or machine system. Ideally, the device preserves ... more

Mechanical Advantage - Law of Lever

Mechanical advantage is a measure of the force amplification achieved by using a tool, mechanical device or machine system. Ideally, the device preserves ... more

Current gain

In electronics, gain is a measure of the ability of a two-port circuit (often an amplifier) to increase the power or amplitude of a signal from the input ... more

Voltage gain

In electronics, gain is a measure of the ability of a two-port circuit (often an amplifier) to increase the power or amplitude of a signal from the input ... more

Current gain - simplified formula (for equal impedances)

The current gain can be calculated using current instead of power using Joule’s first law to calculate. In many cases, the input and output ... more

Voltage gain - simplified formula (for equal impedances)

The power gain can be calculated using voltage instead of power using Joule’s first law to calculate a voltage gain. In many cases, the input and ... more

Output Voltage (voltage divider)

A voltage divider (potential divider) is a linear circuit that produces an output voltage that is a fraction of its input voltage. Voltage division refers ... more

Capacitive divider (only for AC)

A voltage divider (potential divider) is a linear circuit that produces an output voltage that is a fraction of its input voltage. Voltage division refers ... more

Current gain (for equal impedances)

The current gain can be calculated using current instead of power using Joule’s first law to calculate. In many cases, the input and output ... more

Voltage gain (for equal impedances)

The power gain can be calculated using voltage instead of power using Joule’s first law to calculate a voltage gain. In many cases, the input and ... more

Potentiometer Voltage Divider

Potentiometer is a three-terminal resistor with a sliding contact that forms an adjustable voltage divider. The potentiometer can be used as a voltage ... more

Block and tackle - effort required to raise a given weight

A block and tackle is a system of two or more pulleys with a rope or cable threaded between them, usually used to lift or pull heavy loads.The formula used ... more

Power gain (in nepers)

In electronics, gain is a measure of the ability of a two-port circuit (often an amplifier) to increase the power or amplitude of a signal from the input ... more

Power gain

In electronics, gain is a measure of the ability of a two-port circuit (often an amplifier) to increase the power or amplitude of a signal from the input ... more

Friis Transmission equation (with dB units)

The Friis transmission equation is used in telecommunications engineering, and gives the power received by one antenna under idealized conditions given ... more

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