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The van der Waals equation may be considered as the ideal gas law, “improved” due to two independent reasons: Molecules are thought as ... more

The modified form of the Bejan number, riginally proposed by Bhattacharjee and Grosshandler for momentum processes, by replacing the dynamic viscosity ... more

In fluid dynamics the Borda–Carnot equation is an empirical description of the mechanical energy losses of the fluid due to a (sudden) flow expansion. The ... more

Pulse tube cryocooler(or refrigerator) can be made without moving parts in the low temperature part of the device, making the cooler suitable for a wide ... more

The R-value is a measure of thermal resistance, or ability of heat to transfer from hot to cold, through materials (such as insulation) and assemblies of ... more

Introduced in 1949, the Redlich-Kwong equation of state was a considerable improvement over other equations of the time. It is still of interest primarily ... more

Introduced in 1949, the Redlich-Kwong equation of state was a considerable improvement over other equations of the time. It is still of interest primarily ... more

Often during their use, heat exchangers collect a layer of fouling on the surface which, in addition to potentially contaminating a stream, reduces the ... more

The bulk modulus ( or ) of a substance measures the substance’s resistance to uniform compression. It is defined as the ratio of the infinitesimal ... more

Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change in length, area or volume in response to a change in temperature, through heat transfer.
The ... more