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A cyclotron is a type of particle accelerator in which charged particles accelerate outwards from the center along a spiral path. The particles are held to ... more

Electrons can only gain and lose energy by jumping from one allowed orbit to another, absorbing or emitting electromagnetic radiation with a frequency ... more

The electric power produced by an electric current “ I “ passing through an electric potential (voltage) difference of “ V “

In optics, the Fraunhofer diffraction equation is used to model the diffraction of waves when the diffraction pattern is viewed at a long distance from the ... more

Auger electron spectroscopy is a common analytical technique used specifically in the study of surfaces and, more generally, in the area of materials ... more

The photoelectric effect is the observation that many metals emit electrons when light shines upon them. Electrons emitted in this manner may be called ... more

Internal conversion is a radioactive decay process where an excited nucleus interacts electromagnetically with an electron in one of the lower atomic ... more

Indicated airspeed (IAS) is the airspeed read directly from the airspeed indicator (ASI) on an ... more

A resistor–capacitor circuit (RC circuit), or RC filter, is an electric circuit composed of resistors and capacitors driven by a voltage or current source. ... more

The series RLC can be analyzed for both transient and steady AC state behavior using the Laplace transform. If the voltage source ... more