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The Townsend discharge is a gas ionization process where free electrons, accelerated by a sufficiently strong electric field, give rise to electrical ... more

In fluid dynamics, Batchelor vortices have been found useful in analyses of airplane vortex wake hazard problems. The Batchelor vortex is an approximate ... more

A galvanic cell, or voltaic cell, named after Luigi Galvani, or Alessandro Volta respectively, is an electrochemical cell that derives electrical energy ... more

Metals are crystallized in four crystal structures: simple cubic (sc); body-centered cubic (bcc); face-centered cubic (fcc) or cubic-close-packing (ccp); ... more

The speed of sound is the distance travelled per unit of time by a sound wave propagating through an elastic medium. Sound travels faster in liquids and ... more

The Aharonov–Bohm effect, sometimes called the Ehrenberg–Siday–Aharonov–Bohm effect, is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which an electrically charged ... more

In statistical analysis of binary classification, the F1 score (also F-score or F-measure) is a measure of a test’s accuracy. ( a type I error is ... more

A pressure vessel is a closed container designed to hold gases or liquids at a pressure substantially different from the ambient pressure.
When a ... more

Parabolas with axes of symmetry parallel to the y-axis have equations of the form y=ax^2+bx+c.
The x-coordinate and y-coordinate at the vertex can be ... more

Concrete has relatively high compressive strength, but significantly lower tensile strength. As a result, without compensating, concrete would almost ... more