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The Fresnel equations (or Fresnel conditions) describe the behaviour of light when moving between media of differing refractive indices. The reflection of ... more

In cartography, the Lambert cylindrical equal-area projection, or Lambert cylindrical projection, is a cylindrical, equal area map projection. It is a ... more

In cartography, the Lambert cylindrical equal-area projection, or Lambert cylindrical projection, is a cylindrical, equal area map projection. It is a ... more

Calculates the arithmetic mean size (arithmetic method of moments) of the particles’ size distribution of a soil, in metric scale. In statistics, the ... more

Acceleration, in physics, is the rate at which the velocity of an object changes over time. Mathematically, instantaneous acceleration—acceleration over an ... more

Parabolas with axes of symmetry parallel to the y-axis have equations of the form y=ax^2+bx+c.
The x-coordinate and y-coordinate at the vertex can be ... more

The electric field is a component of the electromagnetic field. It is a vector field, and it is generated by electric charges or time-varying magnetic ... more

Thrust is a reaction force described quantitatively by Newton’s second and third laws.
A very common question is how to contrast the thrust ... more

In fluid dynamics, Batchelor vortices have been found useful in analyses of airplane vortex wake hazard problems. The Batchelor vortex is an approximate ... more

A cardioid is a plane curve traced by a point on the perimeter of a circle that is rolling around a fixed circle of the same radius. It is therefore a type ... more