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In physics, optical depth or optical thickness, is the natural logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmitted radiant power through a material, and ... more

Compton scattering is an inelastic scattering of a photon by a free charged particle, usually an electron. It results in a decrease in energy (increase in ... more

The Compton wavelength is a quantum mechanical property of a particle. The Compton wavelength of a particle is equivalent to the wavelength of a photon ... more

The Friis transmission equation is used in telecommunications engineering, and gives the power received by one antenna under idealized conditions given ... more

When a ray of light hits the boundary between two transparent materials, it is divided into a reflected and a refracted ray.The law of refraction states ... more

Wien’s displacement law states that the black body radiation curve for different temperature peaks at a wavelength that is inversely proportional to ... more

In chemistry, a closely related quantity called “absorbance” or “decadic absorbance” is used instead of optical depth: the common ... more

The spectral exitance of a real surface around a given frequency or wavelength, according to the Lambert’s cosine law and the Planck’s law, is ... more

Gravity gradiometry is the study and measurement of variations in the acceleration due to gravity. The gravity gradient is the spatial rate of change of ... more

Doppler Effect is the change in frequency and wavelength of a wave for an observer moving relative to the source of the waves. Compared to the emitted ... more