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Frequency (Doppler effect for a moving black body)

Black-body radiation is the thermal electromagnetic radiation within or surrounding a body in thermodynamic equilibrium with its environment, or emitted by ... more

Spatial resolution

The angular resolution may be converted into a spatial resolution,by multiplication of the angle (in radians) with the distance to the object. For a ... more

Larmor formula

The Larmor formula is used to calculate the total power radiated by a non relativistic point charge as it accelerates or decelerates. This is used in the ... more

Gaussian beam ( radius of curvature )

In optics, a Gaussian beam is a beam of electromagnetic radiation whose transverse electric field and intensity (irradiance) distributions are well ... more

Babinet's principle - in Radiofrequency Structures

In physics, Babinet’s principle states that the diffraction pattern from an opaque body is identical to that from a hole of the same size and shape ... more

Fraunhofer diffraction (Diffraction by a slit of infinite depth)

In optics, the Fraunhofer diffraction equation is used to model the diffraction of waves when the diffraction pattern is viewed at a long distance from the ... more

Angular resolution (by a microscope)

The resolution R (here measured as a distance, not to be confused with the angular resolution of a previous subsection) depends on the angular aperture ... more

Sagnac effect (phase difference)

The Sagnac effect, also called Sagnac interference, named after French physicist Georges Sagnac, is a phenomenon encountered in interferometry that is ... more

Stark–Einstein Law

he Stark–Einstein law is named after German-born physicists Johannes Stark and Albert Einstein, who independently formulated the law between 1908 and 1913. ... more

Rayleigh length (range)

In optics and especially laser science, the Rayleigh length or Rayleigh range is the distance along the propagation direction of a beam from the waist to ... more

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