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Aperture is a “hole” or an opening through which light travels. The aperture of an optical system is the opening that determines the cone angle ... more
The basic principle of the Vickers hardness test, as with all common measures of hardness, is to observe the questioned material’s ability to resist ... more
An icosahedron is a polyhedron with 20 triangular faces, 30 edges and 12 vertices. A regular icosahedron has 20 identical equilateral faces, with five of ... more
In physics, a characteristic length is an important dimension that defines the scale of a physical system. Often, such a length is used as an input to a ... more
Stress is a physical quantity that expresses the internal forces that neighboring particles of a continuous material exert on each other. Any strain ... more
In ductile materials, a plastic zone develops at the tip of the crack. The plastic loading and unloading cycle near the crack tip leads to the dissipation ... more
The beam diameter or beam width of an electromagnetic beam is the diameter along any specified line that is perpendicular to the beam axis and intersects ... more
In geometry, a cube is a three-dimensional solid object bounded by six square faces, facets or sides, with three meeting at each vertex.The cube is the ... more
The Gilbert model assumes that the magnetic forces between magnets are due to magnetic charges near the poles. This model produces good approximations that ... more
The Gilbert model assumes that the magnetic forces between magnets are due to magnetic charges near the poles. This model produces good approximations that ... more
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