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Hooke’s law is a principle of physics that states that the force F needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance X is proportional to that ... more
The wafer bond characterization is based on different methods and tests. Wafer bonds are commonly characterized by three important encapsulation ... more
Wafer bonds are commonly characterized by three important encapsulation parameters: bond strength, hermeticity of encapsulation and bonding induced ... more
Wafer bonds are commonly characterized by three important encapsulation parameters: bond strength, hermeticity of encapsulation and bonding induced stress. ... more
Fracture mechanics is the field of mechanics concerned with the study of the propagation of cracks in materials. It uses methods of analytical solid ... more
A fracture is the separation of an object or material into two, or more, pieces under the action of stress.There are three ways of applying a force to ... more
A fracture is the separation of an object or material into two, or more, pieces under the action of stress.There are three ways of applying a force to ... more
RESTRICTIONS : σ₁ = σ₂ = σ₃ = 0, σ₃₁ = σ₂₃ = 0
The von Mises yield criterion suggests that the yielding of materials ... more
Young’s modulus, also known as the Tensile modulus or elastic modulus, is a measure of the stiffness of an elastic isotropic material and is a ... more
RESTRICTIONS : σ₃ = 0, σ₁₂ = σ₁₃ = σ₂₃ = 0
The von Mises yield criterion suggests that the yielding of materials begins ... more
RESTRICTIONS : σ₁₂ = σ₁₃ = σ₂₃ = 0
The von Mises yield criterion suggests that the yielding of materials begins when the ... more
RESTRICTIONS : σ₃ = 0, σ₃₁ = σ₂₃ = 0
The von Mises yield criterion suggests that the yielding of materials begins when ... more
Concrete has relatively high compressive strength, but significantly lower tensile strength. As a result, without compensating, concrete would almost ... more
Elastic energy is the potential mechanical energy stored in the configuration of a material or physical system as work is performed to distort its volume ... more
Strategy
The force is equal to the weight supported:
and the cross-sectional area of the upper leg bone(femur) is:
To find the change in length we use the Young’s modulus formula. The Young’s modulus reference value for a bone under compression is known to be 9×109 N/m2. Now,all quantities except ΔL are known. Thus:
Discussion
This small change in length seems reasonable, consistent with our experience that bones are rigid. In fact, even the rather large forces encountered during strenuous physical activity do not compress or bend bones by large amounts. Although bone is rigid compared with fat or muscle, several of the substances listed in Table 5.3(see reference below) have larger values of Young’s modulus Y . In other words, they are more rigid.
Reference:
This worksheet is a modified version of Example 5.4 page 188 found in :
OpenStax College,College Physics. OpenStax College. 21 June 2012.
http://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics
Creative Commons License : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Contact mechanics is the study of the deformation of solids that touch each other at one or more points. Hertzian contact stress refers to the localized ... more
The von Mises yield criterion suggests that the yielding of materials begins when the second deviatoric stress invariant reaches a critical value. For ... more
For homogeneous isotropic materials simple relations exist between elastic constants (Young’s modulus E, bulk modulus K, and Poisson’s ratio ν) ... more
In engineering, deflection is the degree to which a structural element is displaced under a load. It may refer to an angle or a distance.
The angle of
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A spring is an elastic object used to store mechanical energy. Springs are usually made out of spring steel. Small springs can be wound from pre-hardened ... more
In engineering, deflection is the degree to which a structural element is displaced under a load. It may refer to an angle or a distance.
The angle of
... more
Contact mechanics is the study of the deformation of solids that touch each other at one or more points. Hertzian contact stress refers to the localized ... more
Contact mechanics is the study of the deformation of solids that touch each other at one or more points. Hertzian contact stress refers to the localized ... more
Contact mechanics is the study of the deformation of solids that touch each other at one or more points. Hertzian contact stress refers to the localized ... more
Contact mechanics is the study of the deformation of solids that touch each other at one or more points. Hertzian contact stress refers to the localized ... more
The von Mises yield criterion suggests that the yielding of materials begins when the second deviatoric stress invariant reaches a critical value. The von ... more
In materials science, a general rule of mixtures is a weighted mean used to predict various properties of a composite material made up of continuous and ... more
Contact mechanics is the study of the deformation of solids that touch each other at one or more points. Hertzian contact stress refers to the localized ... more
Contact mechanics is the study of the deformation of solids that touch each other at one or more points. Hertzian contact stress refers to the localized ... more
Column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above ... more
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Calculate the change in length of the upper leg bone (the femur) when a 70.0 kg man supports 62.0 kg of his mass on it, assuming the bone to be equivalent to a uniform rod that is 45.0 cm long and 2.00 cm in radius.