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NPN bipolar transistor ( Early Effect)

A bipolar junction transistor (BJT or bipolar transistor) is a type of transistor that relies on the contact of two types of ... more

Bipolar junction transistor (Common-emmiter current gain )

A bipolar junction transistor (or bipolar transistor) is a type of transistor that relies on the contact of two types of semiconductor for its operation. ... more

Transistor regulator ( Rv providing a bias current)

In the simplest case a common collector transistor (emitter follower) is used with the base of the regulating transistor connected directly to the voltage ... more

Shockley diode equation (in real transistors)

In electronics, a diode is a two-terminal electronic component with asymmetric conductance; it has low (ideally zero) resistance to current in one ... more

Shockley diode equation (small forward bias voltages)

In electronics, a diode is a two-terminal electronic component with asymmetric conductance; it has low (ideally zero) resistance to current in one ... more

Richardson's law

Thermionic emission is the thermally induced flow of charge carriers from a surface or over a potential-energy barrier. This occurs because the thermal ... more

Characteristic equation of a solar cell - function of output current and voltage

The theory of solar cells explains the process by which light energy in photons is converted into electric current when the photons strike a suitable ... more

Shockley ideal diode equation

In electronics, a diode is a two-terminal electronic component with asymmetric conductance; it has low (ideally zero) resistance to current in one ... more

Solar cell - current delivered by the illuminated diode

Operation of a solar cell can be understood from the equivalent circuit at right. Light, of sufficient energy (greater than the bandgap of the material), ... more

Radiant Exitance (real surface)

In radiometry, radiant exitance is the radiant flux emitted by a surface per unit area, and spectral exitance is the radiant exitance of a surface per unit ... more

Current diverted through the shunt resistor

The theory of solar cells explains the process by which light energy in photons is converted into electric current when the photons strike a suitable ... more

Current gain

In electronics, gain is a measure of the ability of a two-port circuit (often an amplifier) to increase the power or amplitude of a signal from the input ... more

Voltage gain

In electronics, gain is a measure of the ability of a two-port circuit (often an amplifier) to increase the power or amplitude of a signal from the input ... more

Heat flow in electronics - maximum power dissipate

The heat flow can be modelled by analogy to an electrical circuit where heat flow is represented by current, temperatures are represented by voltages, heat ... more

Power gain

In electronics, gain is a measure of the ability of a two-port circuit (often an amplifier) to increase the power or amplitude of a signal from the input ... more

Current equation of solar cell

The theory of solar cells explains the process by which light energy in photons is converted into electric current when the photons strike a suitable ... more

Central processing unit power consumption

Central processing unit power dissipation or CPU power dissipation is the process in which central processing units (CPUs) ... more

Child's Law - related to anode current

First proposed by Clement D. Child in 1911, Child’s law states that the space-charge limited current (SCLC) in a ... more

Child's Law - related to anode voltage

First proposed by Clement D. Child in 1911, Child’s law states that the space-charge limited current (SCLC) in a ... more

Heat-affected zone - heat input for arc welding

The cross-section of a welded butt joint, with the darkest gray representing the weld or fusion zone, the medium gray the heat affected zone, and the ... more

Apparent power

The power factor of an AC electrical power system is defined as the ratio of the real power flowing to the load, to the apparent power in the circuit. In a ... more

AC Power

In alternating current circuits, energy storage elements such as inductance and capacitance may result in periodic reversals of the direction of energy ... more

RC circuit ( the current at circuit in series)

A resistor–capacitor circuit (RC circuit), or RC filter, is an electric circuit composed of resistors and capacitors driven by a voltage or current source. ... more

Hall voltage (Hall effect)

The Hall effect is the production of a voltage difference (the Hall voltage) across an electrical conductor, transverse to an electric current in the ... more

Coupled inductors

The voltage of one of the two nearby coupled inductors

... more

Hall coefficient

The Hall effect is the production of a voltage difference (the Hall voltage) across an electrical conductor, transverse to an electric current in the ... more

Electrical Impedance

Electrical impedance is the measure of the opposition that a circuit presents to a current when a voltage is applied. The term complex impedance may be ... more

Central processing unit dynamic power consumed

CPU power dissipation is the process in which central processing units (CPUs) consume electrical energy, and dissipate this ... more

Ohm's Law

Ohm’s law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference across the two points, ... more

Voltage (AC)

Alternating current voltage can be described mathematically as a function of time, angular frequency and peak voltage

... more

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