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The Sortino ratio measures the risk-adjusted return of an investment asset, portfolio, or strategy. It is a modification of the Sharpe ratio but penalizes ... more

In solid mechanics, torsion is the twisting of an object due to an applied torque. It is expressed in newton metres (N·m) or foot-pound force (ft·lbf). In ... more

Far away from a magnet, its magnetic field is almost always described (to a good approximation) by a dipole field characterized by its total magnetic ... more

The Gilbert model assumes that the magnetic forces between magnets are due to magnetic charges near the poles. This model produces good approximations that ... more

The orbital speed of a body, generally a planet, a natural satellite, an artificial satellite, or a multiple star, is the speed at which it orbits around ... more

Circular arc is a segment of a circle, or of its circumference (boundary) if the circle is considered to be a disc. Central angle is an angle whose apex ... more

Tractrix is the curve along which an object moves, under the influence of friction, when pulled on a horizontal plane by a line segment attached to a ... more

In order for a bike to turn, that is, change its direction of forward travel, the front wheel must aim approximately in the desired direction, as with any ... more

Converging lens in air will focus a collimated beam travelling along the lens axis to a spot (known as the focal point) at a distance “f” from ... more

Sound intensity or acoustic intensity is defined as the sound power per unit area. The usual context is the noise measurement of sound intensity in the air ... more