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In classical electromagnetism, polarization density (or electric polarization, or simply polarization) is the vector field that expresses the density of ... more
The magnetic susceptibility is a dimensionless proportionality constant that indicates the degree of magnetization of a material in response to an applied ... more
Electrohydrodynamics (EHD), also known as electro-fluid-dynamics (EFD) or electrokinetics, is the study ... more
The capacitance of a two parallel plates capacitor both of area A separated by a distance d is calculated by the area of overlap of the two plates, ... more
The angle of incidence at which light with a particular polarization is perfectly transmitted through a transparent dielectric surface, with no reflection. ... more
Permeability is the measure of the ability of a material to support the formation of a magnetic field within itself. In other words, it is the degree of ... more
The Fresnel equations (or Fresnel conditions) describe the behaviour of light when moving between media of differing refractive indices. The reflection of ... more
The Fresnel equations (or Fresnel conditions) describe the behaviour of light when moving between media of differing refractive indices. The reflection of ... more
In optics, Miller’s rule is an empirical rule which gives an estimate of the order of magnitude of the nonlinear coefficient.
More formally, ... more
The Fresnel equations (or Fresnel conditions) describe the behaviour of light when moving between media of differing refractive indices. The reflection of ... more
A capacitor is an electrical/electronic device that can store energy in the electric field between a pair of conductors. The simplest capacitor consists of ... more
In electrical engineering, admittance is a measure of how easily a circuit or device will allow a current to flow. It is defined as the inverse of ... more
Light as one type of electromagnetic (EM) wave, is a transverse wave, consisting of varying electric and magnetic fields that oscillate perpendicular to ... more
Coulomb’s constant, the electric force constant, or the electrostatic constant (denoted ke ) is a proportionality constant in equations relating ... more
In a paramagnetic material the magnetization of the material is (approximately) directly proportional to an applied magnetic field. However, if the ... more
Piezoelectricity is the combined effect of the electrical behavior of the material Piezoelectricity is the electric charge that accumulates in certain ... more
A physical dipole consists of two equal and opposite point charges An electric dipole is a separation of positive and negative charges.The direction of an ... more
Rayleigh scattering (pronounced /ˈreɪli/ RAY-lee), named after the British physicist Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt), is the (dominantly) elastic ... more
Electrical mobility is the ability of charged particles (such as electrons or protons) to move through a medium in response to an electric field that is ... more
Rayleigh scattering (pronounced /ˈreɪli/ RAY-lee), named after the British physicist Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt), is the (dominantly) elastic ... more
Electrical resistivity (also known as resistivity, specific electrical resistance, or volume resistivity) is an intrinsic property that quantifies how ... more
First proposed by Clement D. Child in 1911, Child’s law states that the space-charge limited current (SCLC) in a ... more
The Hall effect is the production of a voltage difference (the Hall voltage) across an electrical conductor, transverse to an electric current in the ... more
Electrical resistivity (also known as resistivity, specific electrical resistance, or volume resistivity) is an intrinsic property that quantifies how ... more
The drift velocity is the average velocity that a particle, such as an electron, attains due to an electric field.
In terms of the basic ... more
Rayleigh scattering (pronounced /ˈreɪli/ RAY-lee), named after the British physicist Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt), is the (dominantly) elastic ... more
Far away from a magnet, its magnetic field is almost always described (to a good approximation) by a dipole field characterized by its total magnetic ... more
Capacitance is the ability of a body to store an electrical charge. Any object that can be electrically charged exhibits capacitance. The capacitance is a ... more
Electrical mobility is the ability of charged particles (such as electrons or protons) to move through a medium in response to an electric field that is ... more
The drift velocity is the average velocity that a particle, such as an electron, attains in a material due to an electric field. It can also be referred to ... more
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