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Solar cell efficiency is the ratio of the electrical output of a solar cell to the incident energy in the form of sunlight. The energy conversion ... more

In astronomy, luminosity is the total amount of energy emitted by a star, galaxy, or other astronomical object per unit time. It is related to the ... more

For flow in a pipe or a sphere moving in a fluid the internal diameter is generally used today. Other shapes such as rectangular pipes or non-spherical ... more

In mathematics, a hyperboloid is a quadric – a type of surface in three dimensions – . A hyperboloid of revolution of one sheet can be obtained by ... more

In mathematics, a hyperboloid is a quadric – a type of surface in three dimensions – . A hyperboloid of revolution of two sheets can be obtained by ... more

In fluid dynamics the Borda–Carnot equation is an empirical description of the mechanical energy losses of the fluid due to a (sudden) flow expansion. The ... more

A supercapacitor (SC) (sometimes ultracapacitor, formerly electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC)) is a high-capacity ... more

Thrust is a reaction force described quantitatively by Newton’s second and third laws. When a system expels or accelerates mass in one direction, the ... more

In fluid dynamics, the Chézy formula describes the mean flow velocity of steady, turbulent (a flow regime characterized by chaotic property changes), open ... more

Borda–Carnot equation is an empirical description of the mechanical energy losses of the fluid due to a (sudden) flow expansion. It describes how the total ... more