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The Fresnel equations (or Fresnel conditions) describe the behaviour of light when moving between media of differing refractive indices. The reflection of ... more

The Fresnel equations (or Fresnel conditions) describe the behaviour of light when moving between media of differing refractive indices. The reflection of ... more

Bikes must lean during a turn to balance the relevant forces: gravitational, inertial, frictional, and ground support. The angle of lean can be ... more

Acceleration, in physics, is the rate at which the velocity of an object changes over time. Mathematically, instantaneous acceleration—acceleration over an ... more

The electric field is a component of the electromagnetic field. It is a vector field, and it is generated by electric charges or time-varying magnetic ... more

Thrust is a reaction force described quantitatively by Newton’s second and third laws.
A very common question is how to contrast the thrust ... more

The Lorentz factor or Lorentz term is an expression which appears in several equations in special relativity. It arises from deriving the Lorentz ... more

In fluid dynamics, Batchelor vortices have been found useful in analyses of airplane vortex wake hazard problems. The Batchelor vortex is an approximate ... more

In solid mechanics, torsion is the twisting of an object due to an applied torque. The torsion constant is a geometrical property of a bar’s cross-section ... more

Thrust is a reaction force described quantitatively by Newton’s second and third laws. When a system expels or accelerates mass in one direction, the ... more